{"id":1019,"date":"2015-09-04T09:45:19","date_gmt":"2015-09-04T06:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/?p=1019"},"modified":"2016-07-11T12:48:16","modified_gmt":"2016-07-11T09:48:16","slug":"pha-0004","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/2015-en\/pha-0004","title":{"rendered":"Phaselis Su Sistemleri ve Hidrografisi \u00dczerine Genel De\u011ferlendirme"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/PHA_0004_Hazir_Bekliyor_Mehmet_Kurkcu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Phaselis Su Sistemleri ve Hidrografisi \u00dczerine Genel De\u011ferlendirme<\/a><\/h1>\n<p><em><strong>General Assessment Concerning Water Systems and Hydrography of Phaselis<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Mehmet K\u00dcRK\u00c7\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"two_third\"><div class=\"divider_line\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>PHASELIS<\/em>\u00a0I (2015) 69-79<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>DOI<\/strong>: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.18367\/Pha.15004\" target=\"_blank\">10.18367\/Pha.15004<\/a>\u00a0 (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.doi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">DOI<\/a>?)<br \/>\n<strong>Kabul Tarihi<\/strong>: 26 \u015eubat 2015<br \/>\n<strong>Elektronik Yay\u0131n Tarihi<\/strong>: 15 Haziran 2015<br \/>\nTelif Hakk\u0131 \u00a9 PHASELIS Disiplinleraras\u0131 Akdeniz Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi, 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><div class=\"divider_line\"><\/div><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><div class=\"one_third last\"><div id=\"framed_box_8c69fc44be98c9f8e3e897f98022254e\" class=\"framed_box\">\n\t<div class=\"framed_box_content\">\n\t\t\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/PHA_0004_Hazir_Bekliyor_Mehmet_Kurkcu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-45\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/pdf.jpg\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/PHA_0004_Hazir_Bekliyor_Mehmet_Kurkcu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PDF indir<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/PHA_0004_Hazir_Bekliyor_Mehmet_Kurkcu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-46\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/references.jpg\" alt=\"references\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" \/><\/a><strong>\u00a0<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/PHA_0004_Hazir_Bekliyor_Mehmet_Kurkcu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PDF g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcle<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/info.jpg\" class=\"wp_lightbox\" rel=\"post_1019\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-44\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/info.jpg\" alt=\"info\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 <b><a href=\"#refs\">Referanslar<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"framed_box_space\"><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"clearboth\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #4c637c;\"><strong>\u00d6z<\/strong>:<\/span> Kurulu\u015fu M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na tarihlenen ve \u00fc\u00e7 do\u011fal liman\u0131yla Do\u011fu Akdeniz ticaretinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan Phaselis kentinde en dikkat \u00e7ekici yap\u0131lardan biri de \u00f6ren yerinin giri\u015finden itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen, kemerli suyoludur (aquaeductus). Phaselisliler kurduklar\u0131 bu sistemle Roma D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde kent i\u00e7erisinde y\u00fcksek miktarlarda su gerektiren \u00e7e\u015fme ve hamamlar in\u015fa etmi\u015flerdir. Kentte ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemlerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen genel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sadece suyollar\u0131n\u0131 konu alan incelemeler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar herhangi bir kaz\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczeyde tespit edilen kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve sentezi sonucuna dayand\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma Phaselis kentinin su sistemleri ve hidrografisi \u00fczerine bug\u00fcne kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f tetkikleri, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve halen devam eden y\u00fczey ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirmeyi ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca g\u00f6zlemlenen verilere g\u00f6re yeni bir sentez sunmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada Phaselis kenti ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7erisinde yer alan su sistemleri \u00fczerine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yorumlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 incelenip ele\u015ftirel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve objektif bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla yeniden ele al\u0131narak str\u00fckt\u00fcrlerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re nedenden sonuca giden bir perspektif ile analizleri yap\u0131lmaya gayret edilecektir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #4c637c;\"><strong>Anahtar S\u00f6zc\u00fckler:<\/strong><\/span> Phaselis \u00b7 Su Kaynaklar\u0131 \u00b7 Su Sistemleri \u00b7 Suyolu (Aquaeductus) \u00b7 Sarn\u0131\u00e7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><div class=\"divider top\" style=\"border-color:rgba(194,205,216,1);padding-top:5px;margin-bottom:30px;border-bottom-width:1px\"><a href=\"#\">Top<\/a><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #4c637c;\"><strong>Abstract:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>One of the most remarkable structures inside the ancient city of Phaselis which was founded in the early VIII. century B.C., and which played an important role in the Mediterranean trade due to its three natural harbours, is the vaulted waterway (<em>aquaeductus<\/em>) which can be seen from the site entrance. Due to the system established, the Phaselites were able to construct fountains and bath complexes which required large amounts of water, within the city in the Roman Period. In addition to the general research conducted in the past, there have been investigations that focus upon only the waterways. These aforementioned studies are based upon the results from the assessment and synthesis of only those ruins determined on the surface, without any excavations. This paper aims to assess the studies of the water systems and hydrography of Phaselis conducted todate, according to the finds from the surface explorations which began in 2012 and which continues today, and to present a new synthesis, taking into account the new data obtained within the process. Examining and reconsidering all of the comments made concerning the water systems within the research related to the city of Phaselis, with critical thinking and an objective view; the structures are analyzed from a cause and effect perspective, considering the current situations in respect to the evidence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #c9954c;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #4c637c;\">Keywords:<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Phaselis <strong>\u00b7<\/strong> Water Supplies <strong>\u00b7<\/strong> Water Systems <strong>\u00b7<\/strong> Waterway (<em>Aquaeductus<\/em>) <strong>\u00b7<\/strong> Cistern<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><div class=\"divider_padding\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a name=\"refs\"><\/a><div class=\"tabs_container\"><ul class=\"tabs\"><li><a href=\"#\">Referanslar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#\">Makale At\u0131f D\u00fczeni<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#\">Makaleye Direkt Link<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#\">Yazar(lar) Hakk\u0131nda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"panes\"><div class=\"pane\"><p><strong>Antik Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Paul. <em>epist. ad. Rom<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>(= Paulus Apostolus, <em>Epistolae ad Romanos<\/em>).<br \/>\nKullan\u0131lan Metin\u00a0: Paulus Apostolus, <em>Epistola Sancti Pauli Apostoli ad Ro\u00admanos<\/em>. Ed.: S. de Brais. Lipsiae 1726.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Modern Literat\u00fcr<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Atila <em>et al.<\/em> 1994\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>A. I. Atila, S. B. \u0130zgiz \u2013 B. Karakurt, \u201c1992 Y\u0131l\u0131 Phaselis \u00c7evre D\u00fczeni ve Temizlik \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d<em>. <\/em>Ed. T.C. K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 An\u0131tlar ve M\u00fczeler Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,<em> IV. M\u00fcze Kurtarma Kaz\u0131lar\u0131 Semineri, 26-29 Nisan 1993 Mar\u00admaris<\/em>. Ankara (1994) 429-456.<br \/>\n<strong>Ayd\u0131n 2006\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>A. Ayd\u0131n, \u201cKilikya ve \u0130saurya B\u00f6lgesi Vaftiz Yap\u0131lar\u0131\u201d. <em>Sanat Tarihi Dergisi<\/em> XV\/1 (2006) 1-19.<br \/>\n<strong>Bagg 2000\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>A. M. Bagg, \u201cIrrigation in Northern Mesopotaia: Water for the Assyrian Capitals (12<sup>th<\/sup> \u2013 7<sup>th<\/sup> centuries BC.)\u201d. <em>Irrigation and Drainage Systems<\/em> 14\/4 (2000) 301-324.<br \/>\n<strong>Bayburtluo\u011flu 1983\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>C. Bayburtluo\u011flu, \u201cPhaselis\u2019teki \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve \u00c7evre Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u201d. <em>KST<\/em> V (1983) 181-191.<br \/>\n<strong>Bayburtluo\u011flu 1984\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>C. Bayburtluo\u011flu, \u201c1983 Phaselis Kaz\u0131 Raporu\u201d. <em>KST <\/em>VI (1984) 301-312.<br \/>\n<strong>Bayburtluo\u011flu 2004\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>C. Bayburtluo\u011flu, <em>Likya<\/em>. \u0130stanbul 2004.<br \/>\n<strong>Beaufort 1818\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>F. Beaufort, <em>Karamania or A Brief Description of the South Coast of Asia Minor<\/em>. London 1818.<br \/>\n<strong>Blackman 1973\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>D. J. Blackman, \u201cThe Harbours of Phaselis\u201d. <em>The International Journal of Nau\u00adtical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration <\/em>2\/2 (1973) 355-364.<br \/>\n<strong>Bonnin 1984\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>J. Bonnin, <em>L&#8217;eau dans l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9<\/em>. Paris 1984.<br \/>\n<strong>Brinker 1990\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>W. Brinker, <em>Wasserspeicherung in Zisternen : Ein Beitrag des Wasserverso\u00adrung fru\u0308her Sta\u0308dte (<\/em>Mitteilungen des Leichweiss-Instituts fu\u0308r Wasserbau der Technischen Univesita\u0308t Braunschweig, 109<em>)<\/em>. Braunschweig 1990.<br \/>\n<strong>B\u00fcy\u00fcky\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m 1994\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>G. B\u00fcy\u00fcky\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, <em>Antalya ve \u00c7evresi Tarihi Su Yap\u0131lar\u0131<\/em>. Ankara 1994.<br \/>\n<strong>Coulton 1987\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>J. J. Coulton, \u201cRoman Aqueducts in Asia Minor\u201d. Eds. S. Macready \u2013 F. H. Thompson, <em>Roman Architecture in the Greek World<\/em>. London (1987) 72-84.<br \/>\n<strong>Daremberg \u2013 Saglio 1881\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>C. Daremberg \u2013 E. Saglio, <em>Dictionnaire des Antiquite\u0301s grecques et romai\u00adnes<\/em>. Paris-Hachette 1881.<br \/>\n<strong>Dessales 2013\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>H. Dessales, Le Partage de l&#8217;eau: Fontaines et Distribution Hydraulique dans l&#8217;habitat Urbain de l&#8217;Italie Romaine. Rome 2013.<br \/>\n<strong>Dorl-Klingenschmid 2001\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>C. Dorl-Klingenschmid, <em>Prunkbrunnen in kleinasiatischen Sta\u0308dten<\/em>. <em>Funktion im Kontext<\/em>. Munich-Pfeil 2001.<br \/>\n<strong>D\u00f6rtl\u00fck 1981\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>K. D\u00f6rtl\u00fck, \u201c1980 y\u0131l\u0131 Phaselis Arkeolojik \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d. <em>KST<\/em> IV (1981) 80-82.<br \/>\n<strong>Duymu\u015f Florioti 2012\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>H. H. Duymu\u015f Florioti, \u201cMesopotamia River Transport in the 1<sup>st <\/sup>Millen\u00adnium B.C.: The Assyrian\u2019s Case\u201d. <em>History Studies: International Journal of History<\/em> 4\/4 (2012) 147-159.<br \/>\n<strong>Grimal 1944\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>P. Grimal, Frontin, <em>Les Aqueducs de la Ville de Rome. Texte \u00e9tabli, Traduit et Comment\u00e9<\/em>. Paris 1944.<br \/>\n<strong>K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc 2014 \u00a0<\/strong>M. K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc, <em>L&#8217;urbanisme et les Am\u00e9nagements Hydrauliques de Termessos<\/em>. Yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f Doktora Tezi, Universit\u00e9 de Paris-Sorbonne. Paris 2014.<br \/>\n<strong>Leveau 1979\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>P. Leveau, \u201cLes Techniques de Construction des Aqueducs\u201d. <em>Dossiers de l\u2019Arch\u00e9ologie<\/em> 38 (1979) 8-19.<br \/>\n<strong>Roddaz 1984\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>J. M. Roddaz, <em>Marcus Agrippa<\/em>. Paris 1984.<br \/>\n<strong>Romer 1998\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>F. E. Romer, <em>Pomponius Mela\u2019s Description of the World, De Choro\u00adgra\u00adphia<\/em>. Michigan 1998.<br \/>\n<strong>Scha\u0308fer 1981\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>J. Scha\u0308fer, <em>Phaselis. Beitra\u0308ge zur Topographie und Geschichte der Stadt und ihrer Ha\u0308fen<\/em>. Tu\u0308bingen 1981.<br \/>\n<strong>T\u00fcner \u00d6nen \u2013 Ak\u00e7ay 2014\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0N. T\u00fcner \u00d6nen \u2013 A. Akcay, \u201cPhaselis Antik Kentinin Su Teminine \u0130li\u015fkin G\u00f6z\u00adlemler ve Digital Teknolojinin Epigrafi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na Katk\u0131s\u0131\u201d. <em>MJH<\/em> IV\/2 (2014) 279-292.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.13114\/MJH.201428446\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.13114\/MJH.201428446<br \/>\n<\/a><strong>T\u00fcner \u00d6nen 2008\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>N. T\u00fcner \u00d6nen, <em>Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu<\/em>. Yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f Dok\u00adtora Tezi, Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi. Antalya 2008.<br \/>\n<strong>\u00dcmit 1996\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>O. \u00dcmit, <em>Phaselis Tarihsel Su \u0130letimi<\/em>. Yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f Diploma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Pa\u00admukkale \u00dcniversitesi. Denizli 1996.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><div class=\"pane\">M. K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc, \u201cPhaselis Su Sistemleri ve Hidrografisi \u00dczerine Genel De\u011ferlendirme\u201d. <em>Phaselis<\/em> I (2015) 69-79.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><div class=\"pane\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kal\u0131c\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 adresi: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.18367\/Pha.15004\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.18367\/Pha.15004<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><div class=\"pane\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Mehmet K\u00dcRK\u00c7\u00dc<\/strong><br \/>\nDr., Universit\u00e9 de Sorbonne, Paris. mhmtkurkcu@gmail.com<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phaselis Su Sistemleri ve Hidrografisi \u00dczerine Genel De\u011ferlendirme General Assessment Concerning Water Systems and Hydrography of Phaselis Mehmet K\u00dcRK\u00c7\u00dc \u00d6z: Kurulu\u015fu M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na tarihlenen ve \u00fc\u00e7 do\u011fal liman\u0131yla Do\u011fu Akdeniz ticaretinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan Phaselis kentinde en dikkat \u00e7ekici yap\u0131lardan biri de \u00f6ren yerinin giri\u015finden itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen, kemerli suyoludur (aquaeductus). Phaselisliler kurduklar\u0131 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":383,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1019"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1020,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019\/revisions\/1020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}