{"id":1754,"date":"2017-04-05T13:41:32","date_gmt":"2017-04-05T10:41:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/uncategorized\/pha-0039"},"modified":"2017-04-14T16:51:22","modified_gmt":"2017-04-14T13:51:22","slug":"pha-0039","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/2017_en\/pha-0039","title":{"rendered":"Depicting and Charting the Southern Coastline of Anatolia \u2013 Record of the Later Toponyms of Phaselis: Palyopoli-Paleopolis, Tekiroba, Gironda-Phionda-Fironda-Fionda \u2013 The 1812 Report of Rapid Coastal Erosion \u2013 The (Doubtful?) Islands and Evidence leading Towards a Date for the Collapse of the Upper Courses of the Inner Harbour Arm at Ancient Phaselis, Antalya"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcney Anadolu Sahil \u015eeridinin Tasviri ve Haritalanmas\u0131 \u2013 Phaselis\u2019in Sonraki Toponymlerinin Kaydedilmesi \u00dczerine: Palyopoli-Paleopolis, Tekiroba, Gironda-Phionda-Fironda-Fionda \u2013 1812 Y\u0131l\u0131 H\u0131zla Yay\u0131lan K\u0131y\u0131 Erozyonu Raporu \u2013 Antalya Phaselis Antik Kenti\u2019ndeki \u0130\u00e7 Liman Kolunun \u00dcst K\u0131s\u0131m \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (\u015e\u00fcpheli?) Adalar ve Kan\u0131tlar I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tarihlenmesi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T. Mikail P. DUGGAN
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PHASELIS<\/em> III (2017) 1-48<\/strong>
\nDOI<\/strong>: 10.18367\/pha.17001
\nReceived Date:<\/strong> 10.10.2016 | Acceptance Date:<\/strong> 27.12.2016
\nOnline Publication Date: <\/strong>05.04.2017
\nCopyright \u00a9 PHASELIS Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies, 2016<\/p>\n

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Abstract<\/strong>: <\/span>This article describes the varied and inaccurate cartographic record made of part of the coastline of southwestern Anatolia from the 14th<\/sup> to the 19th<\/sup> century and the attempt to produce an accurate scientific sea chart of the Mediterranean in the 18th<\/sup> and 19th<\/sup> centuries. It describes the various later toponyms employed for the port city of Phaselis on this coastline, Ottoman Turkish and Greek, and suggests the toponyms Gironda-Phionda-Fironda-Fionda for the Orthodox See and for the port-city were all transcriptions of the Greek word \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (gerontas<\/em>\/gerondas<\/em>) – \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (Geronta<\/em>, later Greek, pronounced Yeronda) literally meaning elder, but also meaning Elder of the Greek Orthodox Church. Capt. Francis Beaufort\u2019s influential account of rapid coastal erosion at Phaselis is investigated and it is suggested that man rather than nature, physical defacement rather than erosion, was responsible for the damage to the carved white marble sarcophagi in the North harbour. A reason is offered for the islands which were for centuries marked off this coastline as a maritime hazard, \u2018Kephali tis Attalias<\/em>\u2019. This was probably in consequence of note being taken of the gasses and oil coming to the surface of the sea released in the course of eruptions from a series of underwater mud volcanoes forming the Anaximander Mountains, suggesting to mariners the presence of islands in the vicinity. Part of the 19th<\/sup> c. published record concerning the state of the inner harbour and harbour arm at Phaselis-Fionda is related in detail in the attempt to determine when and in what seismic event it was damaged, as in 1811 on Beaufort\u2019s chart and in his text it is recorded of the harbour arm, \u201cthe masonry being still near perfect<\/em>\u201d. It is suggested that damage to the Phaselis inner harbour arm occurred between 1842 and 1904 when the inner harbour was described as \u201dfenced by a broken mole<\/em>\u201dand that this damage was caused by a local shallow depth seismic event not associated with a tsunami, perhaps in 1851, 1863, 1887 or 1897.
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Keywords:<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>Phaselis, Cartography, Toponyms, \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, Fionda, Geronda, Deface, Coastal-Erosion<\/p>\n

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\u00d6z:<\/strong><\/span> Bu makale, 14. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadarki G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Anadolu sahil \u015feridinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli ve hatal\u0131 kartografik bir kayd\u0131 ve 18. ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131llardaki do\u011fru ve bilimsel bir Akdeniz deniz haritas\u0131 \u00fcretim giri\u015fimini incelemektedir. Bu sahil \u015feridi \u00fczerindeki Phaselis liman kentine verilen ve Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi ile Hellence olan di\u011fer toponymleri i\u00e7ermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Ortodoks Piskoposlu\u011fu i\u00e7in Gironda-Phionda-Fironda-Fionda toponymleri ve liman kenti i\u00e7in Hellence, genel olarak ya\u015fl\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen ama ayn\u0131 zamanda Yunan Ortodoks Kilisesi\u2019nin k\u0131demlisi\/m\u00fctevellisi anlam\u0131nda da kullan\u0131lan \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (gerontas<\/em>\/gerondas<\/em>) – \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (Geronta<\/em>, ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nem Hellencesi olup Yeronda \u015feklinde telaffuz edilmektedir) kelimesinin t\u00fcm transkripsiyonlar\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Kaptan Francis Beaufort\u2019un Phaselis\u2019te meydana gelen ve h\u0131zla yay\u0131lan k\u0131y\u0131 erozyonun etkileyici anlat\u0131m\u0131 incelenmi\u015f; do\u011fadan ziyade insan\u0131n, erozyondan ziyade de fiziksel tahrifin Kuzey Liman\u2019daki beyaz mermerden oyulmu\u015f olan sarkophagosun hasar\u0131ndan sorumlu oldu\u011fu ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r bu sahil \u015feridine kom\u015fu olan adalar i\u00e7in \u2018Kephali tis Attalis<\/em>\u2019, denize ili\u015fkin bir tehlike olarak sunulmaktad\u0131r. Muhtemelen, Anaksimandros Da\u011flar\u0131’n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir dizi su alt\u0131 \u00e7amur volkan\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan patlamalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan gaz ve deniz y\u00fczeyine gelen petrole ili\u015fkin al\u0131nan nota istinaden denizcilere \u00e7evredeki adalar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilmekteydi. Phaselis-Fionda\u2019daki i\u00e7 liman ve liman kolunun durumuna ili\u015fkin yay\u0131nlanan 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l kayd\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, 1811 y\u0131l\u0131nda Beaufort\u2019un harita ve metninde \u201cduvarc\u0131l\u0131k hala m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe yak\u0131n<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ne zaman ve hangi sismik olayda hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde belirlenmesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 liman \u201ck\u0131r\u0131k bir dalgak\u0131ranla \u00e7evrelenmi\u015f\u201d \u015fekilde tasvir edilirken Phaselis i\u00e7 liman koluna verilen hasar\u0131n 1842 ile 1904 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi ve s\u00f6z konusu hasar\u0131n, belki de 1851, 1863, 1887 ya da 1897 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, bir tsunami ile ili\u015fkili olmayan yerel s\u0131\u011f bir derinlikteki sismik olaydan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.
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Anahtar S\u00f6zc\u00fckler:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>Phaselis, Kartografi, Toponym, \u0393\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, Fionda, Geronda, Tahrif, K\u0131y\u0131 Erozyonu<\/p>\n

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