{"id":3721,"date":"2020-04-06T21:15:04","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T18:15:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/uncategorized\/pha-0115"},"modified":"2020-04-06T23:09:28","modified_gmt":"2020-04-06T20:09:28","slug":"pha-0115","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/2020-en\/pha-0115","title":{"rendered":"Phaselis B\u00fcy\u00fck Hamam, Hellenistik Tap\u0131nak ve Di\u011fer Hamamlarda Kullan\u0131lan Yap\u0131 Ta\u015flar\u0131 ve Phaselis Yap\u0131 Ta\u015f\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Cut-Stones of Phaselis Used in Large Bath, Hellenistic Temple and Other Baths
\nand Phaselis\u2019 Cut-Stone Quarry<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ferda \u00d6NER
\n<\/strong>\"\" https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9278-6164<\/sub><\/p>\n

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PHASELIS<\/em> VI (2020) 13-28
\n<\/strong>DOI<\/strong>: 10.18367\/Pha.20002
\nReceived Date<\/strong>: 23.01.2020 | Acceptance Date<\/strong>: 14.02.2020
\nOnline Publication Date<\/strong>: 06.04.2020<\/p>\n

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\u00d6z:\u00a0<\/strong>Phaselis Antalya\u2019n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 55 km g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan bir \u00f6ren yeridir. Kentin yap\u0131lar\u0131nda yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olarak traverten bre\u015fi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bre\u015fleri olu\u015fturan taneler Jura ya\u015fl\u0131 kire\u00e7ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (Tekeda\u011f\u0131 formasyonu kire\u00e7ta\u015flar\u0131) yama\u00e7 molozu olarak birikmi\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131mlardan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Kentin B\u00fcy\u00fck Hamam, Hellenistik Tap\u0131nak ve hamam yap\u0131lar\u0131nda da ana malzeme olarak traverten bre\u015flerinden d\u00fczg\u00fcn olarak kesilmi\u015f bloklar kullan\u0131l\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7 Antik\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da kentin depremler nedeniyle onar\u0131mlar veya yeniden yap\u0131lan duvar ve binalarda ise ilksel bloklar ve bunlar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 ve \u00e7evreden bulunmu\u015f her t\u00fcrl\u00fc moloz kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ta\u015flar genellikle kumta\u015flar\u0131 (kalkarenitik), \u00e7\u00f6rt, serpantin, gabro ve bazalt olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu kaya\u00e7lar i\u00e7inde jeolojik olarak bu b\u00f6lgede rastlanmayan kuvarsit ve \u015fistlerin bulunmas\u0131 ilgin\u00e7tir. Ayr\u0131ca genellikle \u00e7at\u0131 kaplamas\u0131 olarak kulla\u00adn\u0131lan kayraklara rastlanmas\u0131 da bunlar\u0131n limanlararas\u0131 ticaret yoluyla getirilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. Hellensitik tap\u0131nakta yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan s\u00fctunlarda g\u00f6zlenen fosillerden, bu s\u00fctunlar\u0131n olas\u0131 olarak \u00dcst Kretase ya\u015fl\u0131 neritik kire\u00e7ta\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00fcretildi\u011fi g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Bu t\u00fcr olu\u015fumlar b\u00f6lgeye en yak\u0131n Finike y\u00f6resindeki Limyra kire\u00e7ta\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. Phaselis kentinin ana yap\u0131 malzemesi olan traverten bre\u015flerinin \u00fcretil\u00addi\u011fi ocak alan\u0131 \u015fehrin Hellenistik akropolis ile Antalya-Kumluca Otoyolu\u2019nun g\u00fcneyindeki alan olarak belirlen\u00admi\u015ftir. Bu alanda yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretildi\u011fi ocak aynalar\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu Nekropolis alan\u0131ndaki an\u0131t mezarda kullan\u0131lan traverten bre\u015flerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yapay olarak \u00fcretildi\u011fi kan\u0131s\u0131na var\u0131lan baz\u0131 s\u00fctunlar da belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fckler:\u00a0<\/strong>Phaselis, Yap\u0131 Ta\u015flar\u0131, Bre\u015f, Limyra, Mermer, Bozu\u015fma, Ocak Yeri, Yapay S\u00fctun<\/p>\n

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Abstract:\u00a0<\/strong>Phaselis is a historical site located about 55 km southwest of Antalya. Travertine breccia was used as the building stone in the city buildings. The grains forming these breccias are composed of accumulated deposits as slope debris of Jurassic limestones (Tekeda\u011f\u0131 formation limestones). In the large baths, Hellenistic temple and bath structures of the city, blocks cut properly from travertine breccias were used as the main material. In the Late Antiquity, the city was repaired due to earthquakes or rebuilt walls and buildings, while the primary blocks and their broken pieces and all kinds of debris found from the environment were used. These stones are generally sandstones (calcarenitic), chert, serpentine, gabbro and basalt. Interestingly, these rocks contain quartzites and schists that are not geologically encountered in this region. In addition, the presence of slate, which is generally used as roofing, suggests the possibility of bringing it through inter-port trade. It was observed that these columns were probably produced from Upper Cretaceous neritic limestones. Such formations are Limyra limestones in the Finike region closest to the region. The quarry area where travertine breccias, the main building material of Phaselis was produced, was determined as the area to the south of the Antalya-Kumluca motorway and the Hellenistic acropolis of the city. Quarry pit benches in which the building stone was produced were observed in this area. In addition to the travertine breccias used in the monumental tomb in the East Necropolis, some columns were found to be artificially produced.<\/p>\n

Keywords:\u00a0<\/strong>Phaselis, Cut-Stones, Breccia, Limyra, Marble, Alteration, Quarry location, Artifical columns<\/p>\n

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