{"id":3755,"date":"2020-06-17T22:55:33","date_gmt":"2020-06-17T19:55:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/uncategorized\/pha-0117"},"modified":"2020-06-17T23:05:29","modified_gmt":"2020-06-17T20:05:29","slug":"pha-0117","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/2020-en\/pha-0117","title":{"rendered":"Urartu D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde Hayvan ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k: \u00c7ivi Yaz\u0131l\u0131 Belgeler, Arkeolojik Bulgular ve Betim Sanat\u0131 \u00dczerinden Bir De\u011ferlendirme"},"content":{"rendered":"

Animals and Animal Husbandry in the Urartian Kingdom: An Evaluation from the Evidence Provided in Cuneiform Inscriptions, Archaeological Finds and Depictions<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilcan G\u00d6KCE
\n<\/strong>\"\" https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1213-7752<\/sub><\/p>\n

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PHASELIS<\/em> VI (2020) 35-57
\n<\/strong>DOI<\/strong>: 10.18367\/Pha.20004
\nGeli\u015f Tarihi<\/strong>: 08.01.2020 | Kabul Tarihi<\/strong>: 04.06.2020
\nElektronik Yay\u0131n Tarihi<\/strong>: 17.06.2020<\/p>\n

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\u00d6z:\u00a0<\/strong>Urartu Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda hayvanlar ile ilgili bilgileri \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgeler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere arkeo-zoolojik veriler ve betimleme sanat\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenmekteyiz. S\u00f6z konusu verilerden Urartu co\u011frafyas\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli say\u0131da evcil ve yabani hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hayvan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 Urartu merkezlerinden Karmir-Blur, Arin-Berd, Armavir-Blur, Horom, Bastam, Ayanis, \u00c7avu\u015ftepe, Yukar\u0131 Anzaf, Yoncatepe ve Kayal\u0131dere\u2019de ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Urartu nekropollerinden Li\u00e7, I\u011fd\u0131r, Van\/Kalecik, Van\/Alt\u0131ntepe ve \u00c7avu\u015ftepe nekropollerinde de hayvanlara ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lara rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Urartu Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda hayvanlar ekonomik olarak \u00f6nem g\u00f6stermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Urartu dininde, ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda, beslenmesinde ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131nda da hayvanlar \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. \u00c7ivi yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerde ganimet olarak al\u0131nan hayvanlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvanlar olu\u015fturmakla birlikte nadiren at, kat\u0131r ve deve gibi hayvanlar\u0131n da bahsi ge\u00e7mektedir. Urartu D\u00f6nemi\u2019ne ait tespit etmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz co\u011frafyas\u0131nda halen mevcuttur. Urartu Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda hayvanlar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131 ve beslenmesinden sorumlu ki\u015filer de vard\u0131r. Urartu betimleme sanat\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015f olan hayvanlar ise birer s\u00fcs \u00f6\u011fesi olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00fc\u00e7, \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck, koruyucu, b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici gibi birer simge olarak da i\u015flenmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fckler:\u00a0<\/strong>Urartu, Hayvan, Nekropolis, Avc\u0131l\u0131k, Hayvan Kurban\u0131<\/p>\n

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Abstract:\u00a0<\/strong>In the Urartu Kingdom, archeo-zoological, iconographic data and most importantly cuneiform inscriptions provide information about animals. From this data, it is evident that there are several domestic and wild animal species in the Urartu geography. Animal remains were recovered from Urartian centers such as Karmir-Blur, Arin-Berd, Armavir-Blur, Horom, Bastam, Ayanis, \u00c7avu\u015ftepe, Upper Anzaf, Yoncatepe and Kayal\u0131dere. In addition to these, animal remains were also recovered from the Urartian period necropolis of Li\u00e7, I\u011fd\u0131r, Van \/ Kalecik, Van \/ Alt\u0131ntepe and \u00c7avu\u015ftepe. Animal husbandry formed the basis of Urartian economy and animals had an important place in Urartian religion, as also for nutrition, for transportation, and in socio-cultural life. Animals taken as spoils of war after each successful military campaign were recorded in royal inscriptions and these records mostly mention cattle, sheep and goats, and also occasionally, horses, mules and camels. Some of the animal species that we identified from the Urartu period are still present within today’s geography. There are also people in the Urartu Kingdom who were responsible for the care and feeding of animals. In addition to providing an ornamental element, those animals that have been depicted in Urartian art would have also served as symbols of power and immortality, of protection and of guardianship.<\/p>\n

Keywords:\u00a0<\/strong>Urartu, Animal, Necropolis, Hunting, Animal Sacrifice<\/p>\n

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