{"id":6249,"date":"2026-10-14T22:27:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T19:27:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/?p=6249"},"modified":"2026-10-14T22:27:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T19:27:51","slug":"pha-0198","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/en\/2026-en\/pha-0198","title":{"rendered":"The Evolution and Current State of Digital Tools in Epigraphy: Documentation, Analysis, and Infrastructure"},"content":{"rendered":"

Epigrafide Dijital Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n Evrimi ve G\u00fcncel Durumu: Belgeleme, Analiz ve Altyap\u0131<\/p>\n

Eren NACAK<\/strong>
\n\"\" https:\/\/orcid.org\/<\/a>0000-0002-4804-6695<\/a><\/sub><\/p>\n

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PHASELIS<\/em> XII (2026) 135-161
\n<\/strong>DOI<\/strong>: 10.5281\/zenodo.21504428<\/a>
\nReceived Date<\/strong>: 19.05.2026 | Acceptance Date<\/strong>: 01.09.2026
\nOnline Publication Date<\/strong>: 14.10.2026<\/p>\n

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Abstract<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

Digital epigraphy spans imaging, three-dimensional documentation, machine learning, and linked open data, warranting critical review to situate recent claims within the discipline. The article traces the evolution of epigraphic documentation from paper squeezes to AI-assisted tools and surveys the methods and infrastructures shaping the field. Successive sections address documentation history, RTI, SfM photogrammetry, multispectral and hyperspectral imaging, deep learning systems including Pythia, Ithaca, and Aeneas, digital databases, the EpiDoc standard, and the FAIR\/IIIF\/Linked Open Data infrastructure, with problems and shortcomings discussed thereafter. Peer-reviewed independent replication studies auditing the reported accuracy of AI epigraphy tools remain limited, and these tools perform unevenly between formulaic and poorly attested inscriptions, where expert input is most critical in the second group. The concentration of computational epigraphy on Greek and Latin marginalises geographically more diverse epigraphic traditions, including those of T\u00fcrkiye. Database sustainability, interoperability, and FAIR compliance recur as structural problems. AI-assisted tools should function as decision-support systems, not verified methodological revolutions.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Digital Epigraphy, RTI, Photogrammetry, Deep Learning, EpiDoc, Epigraphic Databases<\/p>\n

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\u00d6z<\/strong>: Dijital epigrafi; g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu belgeleme, makine \u00f6\u011frenimi ve ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k veriyi kapsamakta olup, g\u00fcncel iddialar\u0131n disiplin i\u00e7indeki yerini belirlemek ad\u0131na ele\u015ftirel bir de\u011ferlendirmeyi gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Makale, epigrafik belgelemenin k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t estampajlardan yapay zek\u00e2 destekli ara\u00e7lara uzanan evrimini incelemekte; alan\u0131 \u015fekillendiren y\u00f6ntem ve altyap\u0131lar\u0131 tan\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131yla belgeleme tarihi, RTI, SfM fotogrametrisi, multispektral ve hiperspektral g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme, Pythia, Ithaca ve Aeneas gibi derin \u00f6\u011frenme sistemleri, dijital veri tabanlar\u0131, EpiDoc standard\u0131 ve FAIR\/IIIF\/Ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131k Veri altyap\u0131s\u0131 ele al\u0131nmakta; mevcut sorun ve eksiklikler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yapay zek\u00e2 epigrafi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bildirilen do\u011fruluk oranlar\u0131n\u0131 denetleyen hakemli ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yineleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 literat\u00fcrde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmaktad\u0131r. Bu sistemler, kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f (form\u00fcler) ile az tan\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131tlar aras\u0131nda d\u00fczensiz performans g\u00f6stermekte; uzman katk\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6zellikle ikinci grupta kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Hesaplamal\u0131 epigrafinin Hellence ve Latince \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’deki veriler d\u00e2hil, co\u011frafi bak\u0131mdan daha \u00e7e\u015fitli epigrafik gelenekleri ikincil konuma itmektedir. Veri taban\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirlik ve FAIR uyumlulu\u011fu yinelenen yap\u0131sal sorunlard\u0131r. Yapay zek\u00e2 destekli ara\u00e7lar, hen\u00fcz do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f metodolojik devrimler olarak de\u011fil, karar destek sistemleri olarak konumland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/strong>Dijital Epigrafi, RTI, Fotogrametri, Derin \u00d6\u011frenme, EpiDoc, Epigrafik Veri Tabanlar\u0131<\/p>\n

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